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The expression and localization of
2022-04-18
The expression and localization of Cx43, Cx46 and Cx50 in the anterior pituitary vary with physiological activities and with various conditions associated with both natural and pathological changes in hormone secretion. Anterior pituitary Cx43 and Cx50 levels increase and exhibit a more widespread d
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br During cardiac ischaemia a
2022-04-18
During cardiac ischaemia, a decrease in GJ coupling is observed, which results in slower conduction of electrical impulses and a higher risk of arrhythmias.[13], [20] In Huntington’s disease an increase in the Dorsomorphin of 5 Cxs was observed in the astrocytes in the brain, suggesting an adapti
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br Introduction The mammalian skin forms the
2022-04-18
Introduction The mammalian skin forms the largest organ of the body and includes a network of cutaneous nerves, cells of the immune system, and mediators of the neuro-endocrine axis (Theoharides et al., 2016). Analogous to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, neuropeptides and their receptors
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The pharmacokinetic properties of were amenable
2022-04-18
The pharmacokinetic properties of 12 were amenable to oral dosing allowing in vivo comparison to 6. Compared to a maximum efficacious dose of 6 (60mg/kg), 12 demonstrated improved glycemic control during OGTT in high-fat fed/STZ treated (HF/STZ) and BDF/diet-induced obesity (DIO) mouse models of typ
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Following the discovery of diketo compounds S and L as
2022-04-16
Following the discovery of β-diketo compounds S-1360 [31] and L-731988 [32] as anti-HIV integrase inhibitors, a group of researchers discovered a potent 20187 based derivative (1) as the inhibitor of HIV integrase functioning at the 3′-processing and strand transfer steps of HIV integrase. Bioassay
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br Acknowledgments This study was financially supported
2022-04-16
Acknowledgments This study was financially supported by National Science Center Poland grant No DEC-2011/02/A/NZ4/00031 (KKK), Jagiellonian University Medical College (Poland) grants: K/ZDS/007130 (SM) and K/ZDS/007131 (SM), COST Action CA15135 (DŁ, HS, KKK) and DFG INST 208/664-1 FUGG (HS). Than
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Histamine functions as a key neurotransmitter in
2022-04-16
Histamine functions as a key neurotransmitter in multiple circuits to control various behaviors. In Drosophila photoreceptor, histamine is produced de novo by histidine decarboxylase (Burg et al., 1993); meanwhile, maintaining normal histamine content also depends on the histamine recycling pathway
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Benzene metabolism occurs primarily in the liver
2022-04-16
Benzene metabolism occurs primarily in the liver where benzene is converted into phenol, catechol, hydroquinone (HQ). HQ is further converted to 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ) in the bone marrow which is the primary organ of benzene toxicity (Bolton et al., 2000). 1,4-BQ is an important benzene metabolit
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In this study there is a limitation
2022-04-16
In this study, there is a limitation in the study of sex differences. Only female rats were used in our study. This is because the rats cannot urinate autonomously after SCI. Manual leave a message emptying was needed until reflex bladder emptying was established (Lu et al., 2008, Ma et al., 2015).
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Mathematical models play an important role in understanding
2022-04-16
Mathematical models play an important role in understanding and predicting the dynamic process of HBV infection. In the 1990s, Nowak et al. proposed a basic model to analyze the effect of antiviral treatment on reducing viral loads (Nowak et al., 1996). Since then, many different mathematical models
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Despite the similarities there are some differences between
2022-04-16
Despite the similarities, there are some differences between the augmentation by hypoxia and that by thymoquinone. While in porcine coronary arteries they both depend on calcium sensitization mediated by ROCK12, 32, 33, L-type calcium channels are involved only in thymoquinone-induced augmentation.
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br Introduction Excitatory pyramidal neurons are generated i
2022-04-16
Introduction Excitatory pyramidal neurons are generated in the cortical ventricular zone and migrate into the cortical plate alongside the radial glial processes (Chanas-Sacre et al., 2000, Hartfuss et al., 2001, Noctor et al., 2001, Rakic, 1972, Tan et al., 1998). Neuronal migration determines t
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Furthermore the role of GSK
2022-04-16
Furthermore, the role of GSK-3 in the pathogenesis of inflammation has been widely documented as it accompanies inflammatory conditions such as diabetes mellitus, mood disorders, Alzheimer’s disease, cancer (Jope et al., 2007), and has been associated with atherothrombotic CVD events. However, anoth
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The ketone body receptor HCA is
2022-04-16
The ketone body receptor HCA2 is most likely not active under normal conditions, since local levels and plasma levels of ketone bodies such as β-HB are too low to activate the receptor. However, overnight fasting or prolonged starvation results in plasma levels of the ketone body in the millimolar r
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L-693,403 maleate br Disclosure summary br Acknowledgments b
2022-04-16
Disclosure summary Acknowledgments Introduction Symbionts are live microorganisms that seem to promote host defense systems and regulate intestinal homeostasis, preventing gut infectious and inflammatory diseases (Fuller, 1989, Sartor, 2004). Numerous studies have shown the beneficial effec
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