• Consideration must be given to both the tissues themselves a

  2021-12-08

  

  Consideration must be given to both the tissues themselves and to infiltrating immune cells. As highlighted by Maxwell and Eckardt [88], clinical trials of compounds targeting these pathways will require large numbers of participants and prolonged follow-up to identify rare and late complications or

• br Conclusion B esterases and

  2021-12-08

  

  Conclusion B-esterases and reproductive parameters can be used as effect biomarkers of the aquatic contamination with chlorpyrifos. In P. corneus exposed for 14 days to the insecticide, the carboxylesterases determined with p-NFB proved to be the most sensitive biomarker. However, exposure to env

• br NO GC pathway and implications for glaucoma Direct in

  2021-12-08

  

  NO-GC-1 pathway and implications for glaucoma Direct in vivo measurement of NO in the eye is not yet feasible. However, measurement of nitrate and nitrite levels are routinely used as markers for the activity of NOS and the production of NO radicals [98]. Several studies in human glaucoma patient

• br Myelin and metabolism In

  2021-12-08

  

  Myelin and metabolism In addition to promoting efficient tcY-NH2 propagation, myelin is also critical for trophic and metabolic support of axons [56]. To provide metabolites to axons accurately, glia must ‘know’ the metabolic requirements of axons. Could electrical activity by axons function as

• br Niacin has long been used for the

  2021-12-08

  

  Niacin () () has long been used for the treatment of lipid disorders and for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death in the U.S., as a result of its ability to raise high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Recent mechanistic investigations have shown that niacin may exe

• br Materials and methods br

  2021-12-08

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion The redox domain that spans the region between amino nisin positions 35 and 127 of the major human AP endonuclease, APE1, regulates the sequence-specific DNA binding of various transcription factors [[52], [85]]. The existent crystal structures of AP

• The structure and activity of GLUT has been most

  2021-12-08

  

  The structure and activity of GLUT1 has been most intensively studied in erythrocytes, in which this transporter makes up 10–20% of membrane protein content. Carruthers has shown that, while GLUT1 can exist and transport glucose as monomers, dimers and tetramers, in erythrocytes GLUT1 exists predomi

• br The hippocampus and spatial

  2021-12-08

  

  The hippocampus and spatial memory Numerous lines of evidence have implicated the rodent hippocampus in spatial forms of learning and memory (O’Keefe and Nadel, 1978). For example, hippocampal lesions produce robust and reliable deficits on spatial memory tasks such as the Morris watermaze in bot

• Glucagon regulates the transition from

  2021-12-08

  

  Glucagon regulates the transition from hepatic glucose utilisation in the absorptive state to glucagon production in the post-absorptive state by acute stimulation of glycogenolysis and inhibition of glycolysis [1]. An important component of this response is the phosphorylation of liver PFK2/FBPase2

• br Glucose metabolism and diet Glucokinase is

  2021-12-08

  

  Glucose metabolism and diet Glucokinase is essential for sensing blood glucose levels, thus controls metabolism (Iynedjian, 1993, Iynedjian, 2009, Postic et al., 2001, Agius, 2008). Loss of glucokinase activity in humans and mice leads to diabetes (Printz et al., 1993b, Postic et al., 2001, Agius

• Underlying this study is the hypothesized

  2021-12-08

  

  Underlying this study is the hypothesized importance of insulin and glucose metabolism on bone. In our investigation of GIP and GIPR gene polymorphisms in relation to bone phenotypes in young and old women our findings depict a complex relationship between glucose metabolism genes and bone. In the c

• The SNPs of candidate genes may exert

  2021-12-08

  

  The SNPs of candidate genes may exert their effect on associated traits through changing of gene expression (Bonafe et al., 2003, Wyszynska-Koko et al., 2006). In agreement, GHSR SNPs were significantly associated with upregulation of this gene in the pituitary gland of GG/GG chickens. The GHRL/GHSR

• In conclusion we show to our knowledge

  2021-12-08

  

  In conclusion, we show, to our knowledge for the first-time, compelling evidence for functional OTR and GHSR crosstalk, which is likely via the formation of a novel OTR/GHSR heterocomplex with important downstream signalling consequences. This OTR/GHSR interaction is poised to play an important phys

• Acknowledgments This work was supported

  2021-12-08

  

  Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21602254, 81603194), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu province, China (BK20160767) and National Found for Fostering Talents of Basic Science (NFFTBS, J1310032). Introduction Glucocorticoids (GC) pl

• Acknowledgments br Introduction Stress plays a key role in

  2021-12-08

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Stress plays a key role in the etiology and/or exacerbation of major depressive disorder characterized by loss of energy, feelings of hopelessness and anhedonia [1]. Ample evidence clearly suggests that endocannabinoids (eCBs) participate in stress-associated neurona

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